<html xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2004/12/omml" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<meta name="ProgId" content="Word.Document">
<meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 15">
<meta name="Originator" content="Microsoft Word 15">
<link rel="File-List" href="cid:filelist.xml@01DC6151.9C7AEFE0"><link rel="Edit-Time-Data" href="cid:editdata.mso"><!--[if !mso]><style>v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
.shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
</style><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:AllowPNG/>
<o:DoNotRelyOnCSS/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:SpellingState>Clean</w:SpellingState>
<w:DocumentKind>DocumentEmail</w:DocumentKind>
<w:TrackMoves>false</w:TrackMoves>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:EnvelopeVis/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:DoNotExpandShiftReturn/>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
</w:Compatibility>
<w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="false" DefSemiHidden="false" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99" LatentStyleCount="376">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="index 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="index 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="index 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="index 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="index 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="index 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="index 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="index 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="index 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Normal Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="footnote text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="annotation text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="footer"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="index heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="table of figures"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="envelope address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="envelope return"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="footnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="annotation reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="line number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="page number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="endnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="endnote text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="table of authorities"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="macro"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toa heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="List Bullet"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="List Number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="List Bullet 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="List Bullet 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="List Bullet 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="List Bullet 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="List Number 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="List Number 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="List Number 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="List Number 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Closing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="List Continue"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="List Continue 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="List Continue 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="List Continue 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="List Continue 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Mention"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Smart Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Hashtag"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Unresolved Mention"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Smart Link"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><style><!--
/* Font Definitions */
@font-face
{font-family:Wingdings;
panose-1:5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;
mso-font-charset:2;
mso-generic-font-family:auto;
mso-font-pitch:variable;
mso-font-signature:0 268435456 0 0 -2147483648 0;}
@font-face
{font-family:"Cambria Math";
panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;
mso-font-charset:0;
mso-generic-font-family:roman;
mso-font-pitch:variable;
mso-font-signature:-536869121 1107305727 33554432 0 415 0;}
@font-face
{font-family:Aptos;
panose-1:0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;
mso-font-alt:Calibri;
mso-font-charset:0;
mso-generic-font-family:roman;
mso-font-format:other;
mso-font-pitch:variable;
mso-font-signature:3 0 0 0 1 0;}
/* Style Definitions */
p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
{mso-style-unhide:no;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
margin:0in;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Aptos",serif;
mso-fareast-font-family:Aptos;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;
mso-ligatures:standardcontextual;}
a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
{mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
color:#467886;
text-decoration:underline;
text-underline:single;}
a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
{mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
color:#96607D;
text-decoration:underline;
text-underline:single;}
p.MsoListParagraph, li.MsoListParagraph, div.MsoListParagraph
{mso-style-priority:34;
mso-style-unhide:no;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
margin-top:0in;
margin-right:0in;
margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Aptos",serif;
mso-fareast-font-family:Aptos;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;
mso-ligatures:standardcontextual;}
p.msonormal0, li.msonormal0, div.msonormal0
{mso-style-name:msonormal;
mso-style-unhide:no;
mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-right:0in;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
margin-left:0in;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;
mso-fareast-font-family:Aptos;}
span.EmailStyle19
{mso-style-type:personal;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-unhide:no;
mso-ansi-font-size:11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Aptos",serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Aptos;
mso-fareast-font-family:Aptos;
mso-hansi-font-family:Aptos;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
color:windowtext;}
span.EmailStyle20
{mso-style-type:personal-reply;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-unhide:no;
mso-ansi-font-size:11.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Aptos",serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Aptos;
mso-fareast-font-family:Aptos;
mso-hansi-font-family:Aptos;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
color:windowtext;}
.MsoChpDefault
{mso-style-type:export-only;
mso-default-props:yes;
font-size:10.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
mso-ascii-font-family:Aptos;
mso-fareast-font-family:Aptos;
mso-hansi-font-family:Aptos;
mso-font-kerning:0pt;
mso-ligatures:none;}
@page WordSection1
{size:8.5in 11.0in;
margin:1.0in 1.0in 1.0in 1.0in;
mso-header-margin:.5in;
mso-footer-margin:.5in;
mso-paper-source:0;}
div.WordSection1
{page:WordSection1;}
/* List Definitions */
@list l0
{mso-list-id:25567127;
mso-list-type:hybrid;
mso-list-template-ids:662597270 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693;}
@list l0:level1
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:none;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
font-family:Symbol;}
@list l0:level2
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:o;
mso-level-tab-stop:none;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l0:level3
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:none;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l0:level4
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:none;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
font-family:Symbol;}
@list l0:level5
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:o;
mso-level-tab-stop:none;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l0:level6
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:none;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l0:level7
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:none;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
font-family:Symbol;}
@list l0:level8
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:o;
mso-level-tab-stop:none;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l0:level9
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:none;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l1
{mso-list-id:182281367;
mso-list-type:hybrid;
mso-list-template-ids:-1674698366 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693;}
@list l1:level1
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:none;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
font-family:Symbol;}
@list l1:level2
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:o;
mso-level-tab-stop:none;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l1:level3
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:none;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l1:level4
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:none;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
font-family:Symbol;}
@list l1:level5
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:o;
mso-level-tab-stop:none;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l1:level6
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:none;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l1:level7
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:none;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
font-family:Symbol;}
@list l1:level8
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:o;
mso-level-tab-stop:none;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
font-family:"Courier New";}
@list l1:level9
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:none;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l2
{mso-list-id:268971487;
mso-list-template-ids:47973318;}
@list l2:level1
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:.5in;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Symbol;}
@list l2:level2
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:o;
mso-level-tab-stop:1.0in;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Courier New";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";}
@list l2:level3
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:1.5in;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l2:level4
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:2.0in;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l2:level5
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:2.5in;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l2:level6
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:3.0in;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l2:level7
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:3.5in;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l2:level8
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:4.0in;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l2:level9
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:4.5in;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l3
{mso-list-id:960646660;
mso-list-template-ids:1248865450;}
@list l3:level1
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:.5in;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Symbol;}
@list l3:level2
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:o;
mso-level-tab-stop:1.0in;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Courier New";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";}
@list l3:level3
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:1.5in;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l3:level4
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:2.0in;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l3:level5
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:2.5in;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l3:level6
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:3.0in;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l3:level7
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:3.5in;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l3:level8
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:4.0in;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l3:level9
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:4.5in;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l4
{mso-list-id:2104447800;
mso-list-template-ids:-2144414026;}
@list l4:level1
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:.5in;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Symbol;}
@list l4:level2
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:o;
mso-level-tab-stop:1.0in;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Courier New";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";}
@list l4:level3
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:1.5in;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l4:level4
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:2.0in;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l4:level5
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:2.5in;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l4:level6
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:3.0in;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l4:level7
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:3.5in;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l4:level8
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:4.0in;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Wingdings;}
@list l4:level9
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:4.5in;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Wingdings;}
ol
{margin-bottom:0in;}
ul
{margin-bottom:0in;}
--></style><!--[if gte mso 10]><style>/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0in;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Aptos",serif;}
</style><![endif]-->
</head>
<body lang="EN-US" link="#467886" vlink="#96607D" style="tab-interval:.5in;word-wrap:break-word">
<div class="WordSection1">
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">AMSAT News Service<br>
ANS-334<br>
November 30, 2025<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold">In this edition:</span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
<ul style="margin-top:0in" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list:l3 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list .5in"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Registration is open for the 2025–2026 European Astro Pi Challenge<o:p></o:p></span></font></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list:l3 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list .5in"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Optical Communications Systems Test the Limits of FCC Authority<o:p></o:p></span></font></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list:l3 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list .5in"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">A Protocol Extension for GOLF Operations<o:p></o:p></span></font></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list:l3 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list .5in"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">REALOP CubeSat to Test Hard Drives for ADC System<o:p></o:p></span></font></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list:l3 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list .5in"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Changes to AMSAT-NA TLE Distribution for [date]<o:p></o:p></span></font></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list:l3 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list .5in"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">ARISS News<o:p></o:p></span></font></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list:l3 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list .5in"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">AMSAT Ambassador Activities<o:p></o:p></span></font></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list:l3 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list .5in"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Satellite Shorts<o:p></o:p></span></font></li></ul>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">The AMSAT(R) News Service bulletins are a free, weekly news and information service of AMSAT, the Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation. ANS publishes news related to Amateur Radio
in Space including reports on the activities of a worldwide group of Amateur Radio operators who share an active interest in designing, building, launching and communicating through analog and digital Amateur Radio satellites.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">The news feed on
<a href="http://www.amsat.org" target="_blank">http://www.amsat.org</a> publishes news of Amateur Radio in Space as soon as our volunteers can post it.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold">Please send any amateur satellite news or reports to: ans-editor [at] amsat.org .<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Sign up for free e-mail delivery of the AMSAT News Service Bulletins via the ANS List. Join this list at:
<a href="https://mailman.amsat.org/postorius/lists/ans.amsat.org/" target="_blank">
https://mailman.amsat.org/postorius/lists/ans.amsat.org/</a> .<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><font size="5" color="#215f9a" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:20.0pt;color:#215F9A;font-weight:bold">Registration is open for the 2025–2026 European Astro Pi Challenge<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Educators: Do you want to send your students’ computer programs to space with the European Astro Pi Challenge? Astro Pi Mission Zero and Mission Space Lab are now officially open
for the 2025–2026 challenge.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Astro Pi is an ESA Education project run in collaboration with the Raspberry Pi Foundation and delivered nationally by the European Space Education Resource Offices (ESERO).<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><a href="https://www.amsat.org/astropimission/"><font color="black"><span style="color:windowtext;mso-ligatures:none;mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none"><img border="0" width="145" height="141" id="Picture_x0020_32" src="cid:image001.jpg@01DC6124.97769440"></span></font></a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold">The project offers different levels of complexity:</span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
<ul style="margin-top:0in" type="disc">
<li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Mission Zero – for beginners (up to 19 years old) to learn to write a simple program that will run in space. Mission Zero,
well suited for beginners, offers a chance for young people to create a piece of pixel art and have it displayed for astronauts to see on two special Raspberry Pi computers, called Astro Pis, aboard the ISS. The deadline for Mission Zero submissions is 23
March 2026.<br style="mso-special-character:line-break">
<![if !supportLineBreakNewLine]><br style="mso-special-character:line-break">
<![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Mission Space Lab – for more experienced coders (up to 19 years old) to carry out a scientific task using a program that
will run in space. For more experienced coders, Mission Space Lab returns with a real-world scientific task: calculate the speed of the ISS as accurately as possible using the Astro Pi's sensors or camera. Teams of two to six young people need to write a Python
program that collects data from the Astro Pi computers on the ISS to perform this calculation.<o:p></o:p></span></font></li></ul>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Every team that submits a program that complies with the official guidelines will be awarded a participation certificate.The submission deadline for Mission Space Lab is 16 February
2026.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold">What is Astro Pi?<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">The European Astro Pi Challenge, or Astro Pi for short, is a free educational project. It has two missions that young people up to 19 years old can participate in, depending on
their programming abilities. Both missions use Python programming to create short computer programs that will be run on the International Space Station (ISS).<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">The Astro Pi school project platform offers educators a comprehensive suite of resources to engage students in space science and coding activities, as well as support and community
engagement activities.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Read the complete story at
<a href="https://astro-pi.org/?utm_source=rpf&utm_medium=website&utm_campaign=homepage" target="_blank">
https://astro-pi.org/?utm_source=rpf&utm_medium=website&utm_campaign=homepage</a> .<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">[ANS thanks RaspberryPi.org for the above information.]<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">
<hr size="0" width="100%" align="center">
</span></font></div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold">Only 4 Weeks Left to Get Your 2025 Coin!</span></font></b><br>
<b><span style="font-weight:bold">Celebrate the 40th Anniversary of Amateur Radio on Human Spaceflight</span></b><br>
<b><span style="font-weight:bold">Help Support GOLF and FoxPlus.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><a href="https://www.amsat.org/join-the-amsat-presidents-club/pc-club-coin-2-sides_201201/#main"><font color="black"><span style="color:windowtext;mso-ligatures:none;mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none"><img border="0" width="219" height="109" id="Picture_x0020_31" src="cid:image002.png@01DC6124.97769440"></span></font></a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold">Annual memberships start at only $120</span></font></b><br>
<b><span style="font-weight:bold">Join the AMSAT President's Club today and help</span></b><br>
<b><span style="font-weight:bold">Keep Amateur Radio in Space!</span></b><br>
<a href="https://www.amsat.org/join-the-amsat-presidents-club/" target="_blank"><b><span style="font-weight:bold">https://www.amsat.org/join-the-amsat-presidents-club/</span></b></a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">
<hr size="0" width="100%" align="center">
</span></font></div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><font size="5" color="#215f9a" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:20.0pt;color:#215F9A;font-weight:bold">Optical Communications Systems Test the Limits of FCC Authority<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">As the U.S. regulator of non-Federal radio spectrum, the FCC has become one of the most important overseers of commercial space activity. No satellite system can realistically gain
access to the U.S. market without prior FCC approval and oversight: the agency licenses space and Earth stations and coordinates U.S. filings with the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">But optical communications systems—particularly optical ground stations—do not fit neatly within the FCC’s statutory authority to regulate communications by “wire or radio." Optical
transmissions are not “radio.” Rather, free-space optical communications, or “lasercoms,” use optical wavelengths—generally in the near-infrared portion of the spectrum—to transmit data between user terminals.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><a href="https://www.amsat.org/fcc-logo_1/"><font color="black"><span style="color:windowtext;mso-ligatures:none;mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none"><img border="0" width="132" height="132" id="Picture_x0020_30" src="cid:image003.jpg@01DC6124.97769440"></span></font></a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Traditionally, satellite communication systems have relied on radio frequency (RF) transmissions within designated spectrum bands to relay signals either between satellites or from
satellites to Earth. While these systems remain reliable and widely used, RF spectrum has inherent limitations - most notably finite bandwidth, increasing congestion, and atmospheric attenuation.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Optical communications offer a different path. By transmitting optical wavelengths, typically in the near-infrared range, free-space optical links can provide much higher data rates
than RF.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">One key component is the optical ground station. Unlike a traditional RF ground station with a dish antenna, an optical ground station uses a telescope and optoelectronic components
to transmit and receive laser signals.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Still, lasercom poses unique technical challenges. The same narrow beam that enhances security also imposes constraints: RF signals can blanket wide areas.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Atmosphere attenuation also remains a major challenge to lasercom: atmospheric attenuators such as dust, smoke, fog, haze, and inclement weather impair the technology’s ability
to transmit information.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">The FCC has long indicated that it does not have jurisdiction over optical inter-satellite links because they do not involve RF spectrum. If the FCC lacks authority over lasercom,
it might be unable to apply licensing requirements, enforce technical standards, or impose other space access conditions such as orbital debris mitigation plans and post-mission disposal requirements.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Uncertainty also carries real risks - operators do not know whether FCC licensing will eventually be required, what conditions might apply, or whether or how the U.S. might ultimately
coordinate internationally. Lack of clarity could also complicate global harmonization: other jurisdictions may set their own rules, creating inconsistent standards.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Read the complete story at
<a href="http://satmagazine.com/story.php?number=2088275968" target="_blank">http://satmagazine.com/story.php?number=2088275968</a> .<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">[ANS thanks SatMagazine.com for the above information.]<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">
<hr size="0" width="100%" align="center">
</span></font></div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold">Need new satellite antennas?</span></font></b><br>
<b><span style="font-weight:bold">Purchase M2 LEO-Packs from the AMSAT Store.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-ligatures:none;font-weight:bold;mso-bidi-font-weight:normal;mso-no-proof:yes"><img border="0" width="190" height="189" id="Picture_x0020_33" src="cid:image004.jpg@01DC6124.97769440"></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight:bold"><o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold">When you purchase through AMSAT, a portion of the proceeds goes towards</span></font></b><br>
<b><span style="font-weight:bold">Keeping Amateur Radio in Space.</span></b><br>
<a href="https://amsat.org/product-category/hardware/" target="_blank"><b><span style="font-weight:bold">https://amsat.org/product-category/hardware/</span></b></a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">
<hr size="0" width="100%" align="center">
</span></font></div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><font size="5" color="#215f9a" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:20.0pt;color:#215F9A;font-weight:bold">A Protocol Extension for GOLF Operations<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">At the recent AMSAT Space Symposium held in Phoenix, Arizona, AMSAT Software Engineer Heimir Thor Sverrisson, W1ANT/TF3ANT, presented on the protocol extension he has been developing
for satellite command and control systems, focusing specifically on improvements needed for the GOLF satellite project. The existing setup, utilizing the AMCOM program, has been successfully operational since 2015, primarily employing straightforward commands
such as those for transitioning the spacecraft into safe or health modes. However, the GOLF project necessitates a more complex command structure to handle longer payloads, especially those involving Automated Thermal Controls (ATCs), which require orbital
parameters to be sent as a cohesive unit.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><a href="https://www.amsat.org/golf-tee-and-golf-1-selected-for-nasas-cubesat-launch-initiative/golf/#main"><font color="black"><span style="color:windowtext;mso-ligatures:none;mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none"><img border="0" width="300" height="158" id="Picture_x0020_29" src="cid:image005.png@01DC6124.97769440"></span></font></a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">The discussion underlined the importance of maintaining the proven AMCOM infrastructure, proposing to leverage existing telemetry tools like FoxTelem. The proposal includes utilizing
five bits of telemetry data to provide feedback on command status, thus ensuring that commands are transmitted successfully and effectively, addressing the limitations of the current system.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">A pivotal part of the discussion revolved around the concept of “multipart commands.” Heimir illustrated a plan to modify the AMCOM command structure to allow the transmission of
multiple segments in a single command, using a sequential numbering system to keep track of these packets. The extension would also involve designating specific bits to indicate whether a command is multipart and which piece of the command is being acknowledged
or is missing.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Heimir elaborated on the technical elements of the transmission protocol, detailing how to manage packet loss and potential sequence issues via a robust acknowledgment system. The
system would require two threads of execution at the ground station — one for sending commands and another for handling incoming telemetry. This dual threading is crucial as it allows for more efficient communications and processing, maintaining system integrity
in the event of packet loss or transmission delays.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">A key component of the protocol will be adjusting how command data is structured and transferred, with new formats proposed for command definitions. The transition from a CSV format
to a more flexible and human-readable JSON format was suggested to accommodate the new capabilities, making it easier for engineering teams to integrate the changes into their workflows.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">The presentation included a demonstration of a simulator designed to visually represent the command transmission process, showcasing how the protocol would function under various
conditions, including different rates of packet loss. The simulator was created in Python and is hosted on Heimir's GitHub repository, making it accessible for further exploration.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">During the question and answer section, audience members raised concerns related to the security of satellite communications, particularly regarding potential cyber threats. Heimir
reassured participants that encryption and digital signature protocols are already in place for uplink communications, although downlink encryption remains restricted by FCC regulations against obscured transmissions.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">The meeting concluded with a reflection on the practicality and challenges of implementing these proposed changes, emphasizing the continuous need for advancements in satellite
communication protocols to cater to growing operational complexities and security requirements. Follow-up actions were identified, including finalizing the simulation details and incorporating feedback from the engineering team into the command structure proposal.
Thankful remarks were exchanged, acknowledging the collaborative efforts required for successful implementation.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">You can read Heimer's complete paper at
<a href="https://www.amsat.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/SS-43_Sverrisson.pdf" target="_blank">
https://www.amsat.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/SS-43_Sverrisson.pdf</a> .<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">[ANS thanks AMSAT Software Engineer Heimir Thor Sverrisson, W1ANT/TF3ANT, for the above information.]<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">
<hr size="0" width="100%" align="center">
</span></font></div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><font size="5" color="#215f9a" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:20.0pt;color:#215F9A;font-weight:bold">REALOP CubeSat to Test Hard Drives for ADC System<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">The University of California, Davis will fly its REALOP 2U CubeSat mission with two goals in mind.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">The primary goal of the mission will be to provide students with the educational opportunity to design, build, and test a satellite. Students will gain hands-on knowledge of the
different subsystems of the satellite and they will learn about the use of amateur radio and how to use RF in order to communicate with spacecraft.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><a href="https://www.amsat.org/?attachment_id=62734#main"><font color="black"><span style="color:windowtext;mso-ligatures:none;mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none"><img border="0" width="300" height="49" id="Picture_x0020_28" src="cid:image006.png@01DC6124.97769440"></span></font></a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">The secondary goal of the mission is to demonstrate the feasibility of using hard disk drives as a low cost alternative to reaction wheels for CubeSat attitude detection and control.
This has the potential to reduce the financial barrier of entry into CubeSat development.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">A UHF GMSK downlink with a 96 kHz symbol rate on 437.400 is proposed. Telemetry packets will use HDLC framing and a rate 1/2 convolutional forward error correction. Deployment from
the ISS is planned for June 2026.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">[ANS thanks the IARU for the above information.]<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">
<hr size="0" width="100%" align="center">
</span></font></div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><font size="5" color="#215f9a" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:20.0pt;color:#215F9A;font-weight:bold">Changes to AMSAT-NA TLE Distribution for November 28, 2025<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Two Line Elements or TLEs, often referred to as Keplerian elements or keps in the amateur community, are the inputs to the SGP4 standard mathematical model of spacecraft orbits
used by most amateur tracking programs. Weekly updates are completely adequate for most amateur satellites. TLE bulletin files are updated daily in the first hour of the UTC day. New bulletin files will be posted immediately after reliable elements become
available for new amateur satellites. More information may be found at <a href="https://www.amsat.org/keplerian-elements-resources/" target="_blank">
https://www.amsat.org/keplerian-elements-resources/</a> .<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">This week there are no additions or deletions to the AMSAT TLE distribution.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">[ANS thanks Joe Fitzgerald, KM1P, AMSAT Orbital Elements Manager for the above information.]<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">
<hr size="0" width="100%" align="center">
</span></font></div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold">Want to fly the colors on your own grid expedition?</span></font></b><br>
<b><span style="font-weight:bold">Get your AMSAT car flag and other neat stuff from our Zazzle store!<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-ligatures:none;mso-no-proof:yes"><img border="0" width="194" height="231" id="Picture_x0020_34" src="cid:image009.png@01DC6125.E2410B30"></span><o:p></o:p></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold">25% of the purchase price of each product goes towards</span></font></b><br>
<b><span style="font-weight:bold">Keeping Amateur Radio in Space</span></b><br>
<a href="https://www.zazzle.com/amsat_gear" target="_blank"><b><span style="font-weight:bold">https://www.zazzle.com/amsat_gear</span></b></a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">
<hr size="0" width="100%" align="center">
</span></font></div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><font size="5" color="#215f9a" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:20.0pt;color:#215F9A;font-weight:bold">ARISS NEWS<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Amateurs and others around the world may listen in on contacts between amateurs operating in schools and allowing students to interact with astronauts and cosmonauts aboard the
International Space Station. The downlink frequency on which to listen is 145.800 MHz worldwide.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><a href="https://www.amsat.org/ans-075-amsat-news-service-bulletins/ariss-large1-png/#main"><font color="black"><span style="color:windowtext;mso-ligatures:none;mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none"><img border="0" width="300" height="80" id="Picture_x0020_27" src="cid:image007.png@01DC6124.97769440"></span></font></a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold">Successful Contacts</span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">South-West State University, Kursk, Russia, direct via UB3WCL.<br>
The ISS callsign was RSØISS.<br>
The crewmember was Sergey Ryzhikov.<br>
The ARISS mentor was A.R.C. ENERGIA, RV3DR.<br>
Contact was successful on Saturday, November 22, 2025 at 14:54 UTC.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Moscow Aviation Institute, Moscow, Russia direct via R2AS.<br>
The ISS callsign was RSØISS.<br>
The crewmember was Oleg Platonov<br>
The ARISS mentor was A.R.C. ENERGIA, RV3DR.<br>
Contact was successful on Mon 2025-11-24 14:56 UTC.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold">Upcoming Contacts</span></font></b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Lincoln Magnet School, Springfield, Illinois, direct via K9OK.<br>
The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be NA1SS.<br>
The scheduled crewmember is Jonathan (Jonny) Kim, KJ5HKP.<br>
The ARISS mentor is Charlie Sufana.AJ9N.<br>
Contact is go for Friday, December 5, 2025 at 15:29 UTC.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev, Moscow, Russia, direct via TBD.<br>
The ISS callsign is presently scheduled to be RSØISS.<br>
The scheduled crewmember is Sergey Kud-Sverchkov.<br>
The ARISS mentor is A.R.C. ENERGIA, RV3DR.<br>
Contact is go for Friday, December 5, 2025 at 11:00 UTC.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<ul style="margin-top:0in" type="disc">
<li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo3"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">The crossband repeater continues to be active (145.990 MHz up {PL 67} & 437.800 MHz down). If any crewmember is so inclined,
all they have to do is pick up the microphone, raise the volume up, and talk on the crossband repeater. So give a listen, you just never know.<o:p></o:p></span></font></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo3"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">The packet system is also active (145.825 MHz up & down).<o:p></o:p></span></font></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo3"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">As always, if there is an EVA, a docking, or an undocking; the ARISS radios are turned off as part of the safety protocol.<o:p></o:p></span></font></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo3"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Note, all times are approximate. It is recommended that you do your own orbital prediction or start listening about 10 minutes
before the listed time.<o:p></o:p></span></font></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo3"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">The latest information on the operation mode can be found at
<a href="https://www.ariss.org/current-status-of-iss-stations.html" target="_blank">
https://www.ariss.org/current-status-of-iss-stations.html</a> .<o:p></o:p></span></font></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo3"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">The latest list of frequencies in use can be found at
<a href="https://www.ariss.org/contact-the-iss.html" target="_blank">https://www.ariss.org/contact-the-iss.html
</a>.<o:p></o:p></span></font></li></ul>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">[ANS thanks Charlie Sufana, AJ9N, one of the ARISS operation team mentors for the above information.]<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">
<hr size="0" width="100%" align="center">
</span></font></div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><font size="5" color="#215f9a" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:20.0pt;color:#215F9A;font-weight:bold">AMSAT Ambassador Activities<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">AMSAT Ambassadors provide presentations, demonstrate communicating through amateur satellites, and host information tables at club meetings, hamfests, conventions, maker faires,
and other events.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><a href="https://www.amsat.org/ans-217-amsat-news-service-weekly-bulletins/ambassador-logo-2024/#main"><font color="black"><span style="color:windowtext;mso-ligatures:none;mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none"><img border="0" width="175" height="143" id="Picture_x0020_26" src="cid:image008.jpg@01DC6124.97769440" alt="AMSAT Ambassador News Logo"></span></font></a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">None currently scheduled.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">[ANS thanks Bo Lowrey, W4FCL, Director – AMSAT Ambassador Program, for the above information.]<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">
<hr size="0" width="100%" align="center">
</span></font></div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><font size="5" color="#215f9a" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:20.0pt;color:#215F9A;font-weight:bold">Satellite Shorts From All Over<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<ul style="margin-top:0in" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list:l2 level1 lfo4;tab-stops:list .5in"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">ARISS is excited to premier a new video all about Amateur Radio on the International Space Station! Thanks to Nichole Ayers
KJ5GWI (@Astro_Ayers on X) who recorded this during her time on the International Space Station. Join them on Tuesday, December 2 at 1800 UTC (1:00 PM EST) for the big reveal! Watch it on
<a href="https://YouTube.com/ARISSlive" target="_blank">https://YouTube.com/ARISSlive</a> . [ANS thanks AMSAT-UK for the above information.]<br style="mso-special-character:line-break">
<![if !supportLineBreakNewLine]><br style="mso-special-character:line-break">
<![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list:l2 level1 lfo4;tab-stops:list .5in"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Looking to kick back over the holidays and build and fly your own rockets? Well reviewed spaceflight simulators are available
for your Android and iOS phones. A free app named Spaceflight Simulator by Team Curiosity can be found at the Google Play and the Apple Apps stores. You can build any rocket you like from available parts and explore the planets in our solar system as you wish.<br style="mso-special-character:line-break">
<![if !supportLineBreakNewLine]><br style="mso-special-character:line-break">
<![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></font></li></ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">
<hr size="0" width="100%" align="center">
</span></font></div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><font size="5" color="#215f9a" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:20.0pt;color:#215F9A;font-weight:bold">Join AMSAT today at
<a href="https://launch.amsat.org/" target="_blank"><font color="#215f9a"><span style="color:#215F9A">https://launch.amsat.org/</span></font></a><o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">In addition to regular membership, AMSAT offers membership to:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<ul style="margin-top:0in" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list:l4 level1 lfo5;tab-stops:list .5in"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Societies (a recognized group, clubs or organization).<o:p></o:p></span></font></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list:l4 level1 lfo5;tab-stops:list .5in"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Primary and secondary school students are eligible for membership at no charge.<o:p></o:p></span></font></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list:l4 level1 lfo5;tab-stops:list .5in"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Memberships are available for annual and lifetime terms.<o:p></o:p></span></font></li></ul>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Contact info [at] amsat.org for additional membership information.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">73 and remember to help Keep Amateur Radio in Space!<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">This week's ANS Editor, Frank Karnauskas, N1UW.<br>
f.karnauskas [at] amsat [dot] org<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">ANS is a service of AMSAT, the Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation, 712 H Street NE, Suite 1653, Washington, DC 20002.<br>
AMSAT is a registered trademark of the Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Aptos"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
</body>
</html>